Art of producing ornamental surfaces



IVI. E. GATES.

ART 0F PRODUCING ORNAMENTAL SURFACES.

APPLICATION HLED APR.28.1920

1,427,454. Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

2 SHEETS--SHEET l.

IVI. E. GATES.

ART OF PRODUCING ORNAMENTAL SURFACES.

APPLICATION FI'LED APR. 28. i920.

1,427,454, Patented Augt 29, l922 2 SHEETS'JSHEET 2.

YMAJOR E. GATES,

PATENT OFFICE.

O'F TERRACOTTA, ILLINOIS.

ART OF PRODUCING- ORNAMENTAL S'URAGES.'

specification'of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 29, 1922.

Application led April 28, 1920. Serial No. 377,341.

To all whom i may concern.'

Be it known that I,.MAJ0R E. GATES, a

citizen ofthe United States, residing at Terra Cotta, in the county of McHenry and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Art of Producing Ornamental Surfaces, of which the fol- `lowing is a specification.

My invention relates, more particularly, to the production of speckled or mottled surfacings, produced by the application of coating material of a plurality of colors, more particularly, though not exclusively,

to surfacings of building structures, as forA example Walls of such structures, or the blocks, or the like, of which the building structure is formed, asy for example terra cotta blocks; and my primary object is to produce the desired ornamental effect in the use of multicolor surface coatings and of the character stated, and by a simple and economical operation.

As a premise to the following description it may be stated that the invention as to one phase thereof, contemplates discharging, against .a surface to be coated, of differently colored fiuid coating material of any suitable character, such as that conimonly used for producing speckled, or mottled, surfacings, in the form preferably of relatively large bodies, compared with the bodies produced by an atomizing action hereinafter referred to, with such force that these bodies upon striking the surface to be` coated become flattened against the surface,

p adhering thereto and remaining practically quiescent in their flattened condition preliminary to becoming set, as distinguished from running down the surface against which the bodies of coating fluid are dis-` char ed, the several streams of bodies striking t e surface 4to be coated, at substantially the same places thereby to produce a mottledeflect of such character as to render it observablefrom quite a distance, and presenting such` characteristics as to present an appearance of depth to the coating, such as is presented in the case of an uncoated mottled material, as for example graniteory the like. It has been heretofore proposed `to produce a speckled surface by discharging against the object on which the surface is to e provided, the coating fluid projected against such object by an atomizing action, but such a procedure would fail to produce 'this' desiredy effect due primarily to the blowing of the coating fluid into finely divided particles by the atomizin action. In accordance with the preferre manner of practicing my invention, as to this phase thereof, I cause the coating fluid to be projected against the object 'to be coated, to produce the vspeckled or mottled effect in relatively large bodies, as compared with the relatively fine particles produced by the atomizing action referred to.` .Y Myinvention, as to another phase thereof, relates to the maintaining kof the flow of the coating fluid in accurate predetermined measured uantities, for producing desired coating e ects, as distinguished from the varied How of the several streams in atomizing apparatus.

Referring to the accompanying draw- I ings ncertainparts broken away. Figure L3 is a View in end elevation of certain cam devices which may be employed, the shaft carrying them being shown in section, with the secl tion taken at the line 30u Fig. 4 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Fi ure 4 is a section taken at the line 4 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow; and

Figure 5, a view like Fig. 2, of a modifica- .tion of the structure shown therein.

The particular construction of v device illustrated is formed of a casing 10' shown as formed of a casting open at its opposite ends and provided with a diaphragm 11 forming with other parts of the casing 10 a passage 12 for compressed air, this passage containing at one end a pipe section 13 .adapted to be connected at its outer end with any suitable supply of gaseous fluid under pressure, Aas for example compressed air. The passage 12 at its opposite end contains a plurality of restricted outlets 14 shown as extending at an angle to the direction in which the air flows throughy the main porprovision is made for discharging in a plurality `of streams, the coating fiuids of diftionof the passage 12. In this construction ferent colors, or tones, from the device, the pipes through which these streams discharge bein represented at 15, and terminatlng 1n nozz es, in practice these pipes being adapted for use with nozzles of different sizes as desired. Three of these pipes are shown, these pipes extending crosswise through the passage 12 and through the several outlets 14 for the compressed air, from the walls of which latter the pipes 15 are spaced as shown. The other ends of the pipes 15 connect with the ends of flexible tubes 16, 17 and 18, as for example of common heavy rubber tubing, which lead from suitable sources of the coating iuids of different colors, or tones, to be applied to the surface on which the mottled effect is to beproduced.

The sources of the material are not shown, but the material may either flow to` the device or be drawn to the latter by the action of the device as desired. Thus it may be provided in receptacles arrangedv` either above the device now being described, in' which case the coating material would flow to the device under a head, or on thev same level as the outer ends of the tubes 16, 17 and 18, or below such level, and in the two latter instances provision may be made, or not, as

desired, for forcing the fluid to the said de vice. The outer ends of the tubes 16, 17 and 18 extend along the top of the partition 11 which latter thereby forms a support for these tubes in the operation of the mechanism hereinafter described for effecting the discharge of the coating material through these tubes and their outlet pipes 15 in the desired manner. The mechanism just referred to is formed, in the particular construction illus- -trated, with three presser devices 19, 2() and 21 shown in the form of plates which extend transversely of the tubes 16, 17 and 18 and across the tops thereof. The plate 19 is carried by a pair of levers 22 located within the casing 10 and pivoted each at one end, on a shaft 23 mounted in opposed extensions 24 provided as a part of the casing 10. The.

plate20 is connected with a pair of levers 25 likewise pivoted, each at one end, on the shaft 23; and the plate 21 is connected with a pair of levers 26 also each pivoted at one end on the shaft 23, these various sets of le- Vers being independently movable on the shaft 15. The opposite end of the casing 1'() is equipped with a housing member 27, within which are located a plurality of rockerarms 28, shown as six in number to correspond with the number of levers 22, 25 and 26 beneath which'they are directly positioned, respectively, as shownthese rocker-arms being pivoted on a shaft 29 secured'in the sides of the casing 10, and withftheir outer extremities connected, through themedium of tension springs 30,'with the several levers 22, 25 and26 directly above them, each of the rocker-arms 28 being provided with a pin 31 extending upwardly through thespring and adapted to co-operate with the under side of the respective one of the levers with which the spring, enclosing it, co-operates. Extending through the spaces between the various levers referred to and the rockerarms 28, is a shaft 32 journaled at its oppositev ends in the sides of the casing 10 and adapted to be driven, as through the worm wheel 33 secured thereon and meshing with 4a worm 34 on a shaftI 35 driven in any suitable manner (not shown). The shaft 32 is provided witha plurality of eccentrics, one of which, represented at 36, extends im mediately above the two central rocker-arms 28 connected with the two levers 26, two of which, represented at 37, extend above the rocker-arms 28 to which the respective levers 25 are connected, and two more of which, represented at 38, extend above the two rockerams 28 with which the levers 22 are respectively connected, the two eccentrics 37 occupying the same angular position on the shaft. and the two eccentrics 38 occupying the same angular position, the eccentric 36 and the two sets of eccentrics 37 and 38 occupying dierent angular positions about the shaft, in the arrangement shown being positioned about the shaft at an angle of 120 toeach other. The described arrangement. of the eccentrics is such that in their movement, in the rotation of the shaft 32 in anticlockwise direction in Fig. 1, they will successively operate the several pairs of rockerarms 28 which through the described spring connections with the various sets of levers described, cause the presser devices 21, 20 and 19 to close the tubes 16, 17 and 18 at vpoints immediately beneath them in succession, the arrangement being such that at no time are all of the presser devices in a position in which the tubes 16, 17 and 18 immediatelybeneath them, are open, it being understood that the tubes 16, 17 and 18, by reason of their resiliency expand as the respective presser devices rise relative to these tubes.

Associated with the mechanism described, are means adapted to operate on the tubes 16, 17 and v18 and effect control of the flow of iuid therethrough, auxiliary to the action of the mechanism hereinbe'fore described and for the purpose hereinafter explained, these and carried on the upper ends-of rods 43 which are slidable in webs 44 in the casing 10, the rods 43 having rollers 45 at their lower ends at which they bear against the peripheries of cams 46, 47 and 48 rigidly secured to a shaft 49 journaled in brackets 50' extending from the casing 10, these cams occupying diderent angular positions about the shaft 49 preferably 120 apart as represented. The shaft 4:9 is` driven through the medium of a sprocket chain 51 passing over' shown in the drawings, wherein the presser devices 19 and 20, by reason of the illustrated position of the eccentrics 37 and 38 are in lowermost position in which the tubes 16, 17 and 18 are closed at the portions there- .of beneath these presser devices, and the presser device 21 is raised, the continued rotation of the shaft 32 in anti-clockwise direction in Fig. 1 first causes the eccentrics 37 to move against the under sides of the levers 25 and in a direction away from the rocker-arms 28 immediately beneath them, thereby lifting these levers to raise the presser foot 20 which permits the tubes 16,

17 and 18 to expand at these points. 'During this movement of the eccentric 37, the eccentric 36 moves into engagement with the rocker-arms 28 immediately beneath it, with the result of causing these rocker-arms and the levers 26 to lower by reason of the spring connections between these rocker-arms and' levers, forcing the presser foot 21l against the tubes 16, 17 and 18 with sulicient pressure to close the tubes at these points, these spring 'connections elongating in this operation, and the arrangement of the parts being preferably as shown by which the levers 26' move downwardly a slight distance only beforethe levers 25- have reached their uppermost position. Further movement of the shaft 32 in anti-clockwise direction in Fig. 1 operates to Inovethe eccentrics 38 into engagement with the levers 22 immediately above them thereby operating to ralse the presser foot 19. In the continued movement of the shaft 28 the eccentrics 437 operate to force the presser foot 20 against the tubes 16,

17 and 18,l while the presserv foot 21 holds these tubes closed at the portions thereof immediately below it, the presser device 19 thereafterv moving ,against the tubes 16, 17 and 18, the presser device 21 moving to the position shown in Fig. 1 after the presser device 2() has closed the tubes beneath the latter. The arrangement of the eccentrics referred to, relative to the' presser devices 19, 20 and 21 is such, as shown, that at all times one of the presser devices closes the tubes 16, 17 and 18 andv these presser devices are operated in succession from the right to the left in Fig. 1, thesel successive operations of the presser devices as stated serving .to produce a pulsating action on the fluids'ln the tubes thereby to cause the fluids to be 1ntermittently projected through the outlets of the pipes 15 where the coating fluids are supplied to the presser devices through the tubes 16, 17 and 18 by pressure produced by gravity flow, or otherwise, the operation of the presser devices 19, 20 and 21 serving to control the discharge of the fluid through the pipes 15 and causing the fluids. to discharge from these vpipes intermittently, the fluids spurting from the outlets of these pipes intermittently and thereby causing the fluids to issue in separated bodies of relatively large size, depending upon the dimensions of the various parts, as compared with the size of the bodies resulting from the subjection of such fluid to an atomizing action. Where the supply of coating fluids is not supplied to the presser devices 16, 17 and 18 under pressure, as for example where it is located in tanks below these presser devices and does not flow thereto under pressure, the device operates to cause the fluids to flow to the device and forces tbe iuids out through the pipes 15 as stated.l In the case of the use of the device with supplies of coating fluids un-der conditions requiring the drawing of the coating fluid to these presser devices, as stated, the result above explained is due to the operation of the presser devices 16, 17 and 18 in succession, and in the timed relation as stated, due to the fact that in the operation of these presser devices they are operated in succession from a position in which the tubes 16, 17 and 18 are closed, to a positionin which these tubes are openfrom the right band toward the left hand end of the series in Fig. 1, thereby forcing the fluids along the tubes to the left in this ligure in such operation producing, by the expanding of these tubes to normal condition, after being contracted, the reduction in fluid pressure at this point which operates to cause thev fluids to flow to the left through the tubes 16, 17 and 18. While under some conditions the discharge of the coating fluids from the pipes 15 by the action of the presser devices 16, 17 and 18 alone, may be sufficient to -eect the delivery to the surface-to be coated, of the coating bodies of thedesired size and in the desired `flattened condition against the surface, it is preferred that there be associated with the coating fluids discharged through the pipes 15, any suitable .gaseous fluid under pressure, as for examto the. object to be coated, a protecting envelope, whereby the breaking up of these bodies into rela-tively finely divided condition, by the propulsion thereof against the resistance of the air, as would occur if such shielding means were not provided, is avoided. Where conditions are such that it is desirable, or necessary, that the coating fluids as they issue from thepipes 15, as stated, be subjected to an accelerating action, the liuid pressure' discharged through the openings 14 may be under such pressure that it will operate on the separated bodies of coating fluid to accelerate their movement toward the object to which they are to be applied, this accelerating action being in the nature of a boosting action. In accordance with the preferred manner of practicing my invention such boosting fluid pressure is applied adjacent the outlets of the pipes 15 and such use thereof as to break up the separated bodies of coating fluid, as they issue from the pipes 15, into such small bodies as are produced when a stream of fluid is subjected to an atomizing action, is to be avoided. However, in so far as a certain phase of my invention is concerned, it is within my invention to provide such a pressure and flow of fluid-pressure that the bodies of coating fiuid delivered with each pulsating action of the device, through the outlets 15, are reduced to finely divided condition resembling those produced by an atomizing action, the device in so operating presenting an advantage over the use of an atomizing action alone, in that the liuid is propelled'through the outlets by a force winch alone would cause the Huid to be spurted from the device toward the obured flow of the coating fluids as is possible in the arrangement disclosed, this feature may be used, within my invention, regardless of the manner of effecting the delivery of the bodies of coating fluid to the object to be coated, and regardless of the variation in the regularity of, yet measured, flow hereinafter referred to.

As will be understood from the drawings, the outlets of the pipes 15 are grouped relatively closely together, this being the preferable arrangementp whereby the streams offseparated bodies of the coating fluids strike the object to be coated and against which they will discharge (preferably by the operator holding the device by grasping it at the casing thereof) at closely adjacent portions of such surface, some of the bodies of coating fluids becoming commingled with others of such bodies which produces a clus ter-effectat different points on the surface, the' appearance produced being that of a mottled surface @f considerable' depth.

It will be understood that surfacing ef- I described, as for example that formed of the fects of Widely differing character may be produced, as for example by varying the dimensions of the parts of the device, and the fluid-pressure employed, which causes the sizes of the bodies of coating fluid delivered to the object to vary. Furthermore widely different surfacing effects may be produced by the employment of mechanism, auxiliary to the presser-devices herein first 75 presser devices 40, 41 and 42., thel operation of which in the particular arrangement shown causes the several streams of bodies to irregularly discharge, but by a measured flow, from the device, The mechanism just referred to as shown is merely illustrative of means for producing variation in the control of the streams, it being readily understood that by omittingcertain of the cams on the shaft 49, or varying their shape, or the timed operation thereof, relative to each other, as shown, a great variety of surfacing effects may be produced.

In Fig. 5 I have shown by Way of illustration an arrangementof parts whereby a variation in the discharge of fluids from a plurality 'of conduits may be accomplished in a different manner than shown in the preceding ligures. In this particular arrangement two flexible conduits, like the conduits 16, 17 and 18 are provided, these conduits being represented at 54 and 55, with their discharge pipes 56 and 57 like the pipes 15, projecting through openings 58 and corresponding with the openings 14. In this construction four presser devices, 59, 60, 61 and 62 are provided, the presser device 59 co-operating with the pipe 54 only, the presser device 62 with the pipe 55 only and the presser devices 60 and 61 located between 105 the presser devices 59 and 62 co-operating with both of the tubes 54 and 55 to operate to collapse these tubes as explained of the presser devices of the preceding igures. The presser device 59 is carried on a plu- 110 rality of levers 63, the presser device 62 is carried on a plurality; of levers 64, the presser device 60 on a plurality of levers 65 and the presser device 61 on a plurality of levers 66, these levers being pivoted on 115 a shaft 67`secured in the casing 10. rIhese various levers extend to the left in Fig. 5 (these levers being shown broken away in this figure as they are in Fig. 2) over eccentrics mounted on a shaft 68 and corre- 120 sponding with the shaft 32. and driven through the medium of a worm-wheel 69 operated by a worm 70 on the shaft 7l driven in any suitable manner. The eccentrics are indicated at 72, 73, 74, and 76, 125 the eccentrics 72 and 76 occupying the same angularposition about the shaft 68, and the eccentrics 73, 74 and 75 occupyin different angular positions about the sha preferably 90o apart, the eccentric .73 extend- 13@ ing upwardly and the eccentric 74- eX- tending downwardly. rlhe eccentrics 72 to 76 co-operate with the various levers described to operate the latter by the same vlrind of an action as explained of the eccentries in the preceding figures, the eccentrica 72 and 76 extending beneath the levers 65, the eccentric 73 beneath the levers 63, the eccentric 74 beneath the levers 66 and the eccentric 75 beneath the levers 64. Extend-A One of these rocker-arms represented at 78 extends beneath the eccentric 72, another rocker-arm 79 extends below the eccentric 76, a pair of these rocker-arms represented at 80 extend beneath the eccentric 73, another pair of these rocker-arms represented at. 81 extend beneath the eccentric 74 and another pair 'of theseV rocker-arms .represented at 8.2 extend beneath the eccentric 75, the outer ends of these rocker. arms conmeeting, by means of coil spring devices 83 like the springs 31, with the levers immediately above them as in the case of the structure of the preceding figures. Thus the rocker-arms 78 vand 79 are connected with the two levers respectively; the rocker; arms`80 are connected with the levers '63 respectively; the rocker-arms 81 are connected with the levers 66, respectively; and the rocker-arms 82 are connected with the leversli, respectively. j

lin the rotation of the shaft 68, as will be readily understood, the presser devices are operated in succession from the right hand toward the left hand side of Fig. 5, to effeet the projection of the fluids through. the outlets 57 by an intermittent'action, in the same manner as explained of the construction of the preceding figures, except that by arranging the. presser devices as shown', the projection of the fluids through the conduits 54: and 55 occurs alternately instead of the projection from these tubes occurring simultaneously, whereby the bodies of coating duide discharged against the object on which the surfacingis to' be applied, from the conduit 54 do not strike the object at the same timev that the'bodies discharged from the conduit 55, wherebyf a' different effeet is produced than in the case where they are discharged simultaneously. It will be understood that Suchmeans for producing variation in discharge may, if desired, be used 1n connection with an au'xlllary control mechanism such for example as that shown in the preceding figures and comprising Ythe presser devices 4:0, 41 and 42.

While l have illustrated and described certain ways of carrying out my invention and have illustrated and described a partic- Y method which ular construction suitable for practicing it, I do not wish to be understood as intending to 'limit the invention thereto, as my improved .method may be practiced in other ways than the specific way described and by the use of other apparatus.

By way .of further example of the practicing of my invention, by other structures than those illustrated it may be stated that under some conditions of use, where the fluids are supplied to the flexible conduits under pressure, less than the number of presser devices shown, may `be employed, even to the extent of employing only one which would operate to alternately open and close the conduits to the flow .of fluids therethrough thereby producing an intermittent `discharge of the fluids through the conduits.

Vihat l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. ln the art of coating surfaces, the meth od which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid directed against said object and maintaining a predetermined measured flow of such bodies to said object.'

2. ln Vthe art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging against the object to which thecoating is to be applied, a plurality of streams 'of' separated bodies of coating fluid of relatively large size compared with those produced'by an atomizing action.

3. In the art of coatin surfaces, the consists 1n discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid of relatively large size compared with those produced by an atomizing action and maintaining a predetermined measured flow of such bodies to said object.

d. ln the art of coating. surfaces, the method which consists in discharging `against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams, having a predetermined relation, of separatedbodies of coating Huid of relatively large size compared with those produced by an atomizing action.

5. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams, yby a predetermined timing, of separated bodies of coating fluid of relatively large size compared with those produced by an atomizing action.,

6. ln the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of se arated bodies of coatin Huid of relative y large site compared wit those produced by an atomizing action, and varying the timing of the streams relative to each other to produce different effects.

7. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid of relatively large size compared With those produced by an atomizing action, and varying the timing and volume of the streams relative to each other to produce different effects.

8. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating fluids to be projected intermittently through the outlet ends of conduits to cause discharge of the fluid from each thereof in separated bodies of a cross-sectional area substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of\the outlets respectively, and delivering the coating fluid against the object to which it is to be applied With sufficient force to cause it to flatten against the object.

9. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing fluids to be projected intermittently through the outlet ends of a plurality of conduits, respectively, to cause discharge of the fluid from each thereof in separated bodies and causing said bodies to become separated into smaller bodies.

10. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing fluids to be projected intermittently through the outlet ends of a plurality of conduits, respectively, to cause discharge of the fluid from each thereof in separated bodies and blowin said bodies into separated condition by' su jee-ting the bodies to gaseous fluid under pressure directed against said bodies substantially in the direction of movement of said bodies.

11. In. the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating fluids to be projected in the form of streams of connected particles, intermittently through the outlet ends of a plurality of conduits, respectively, to cause discharge of the fluids from each thereof in separated bodies and causing said bodies to become separated into smaller bodies.

12. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating fluids to be projected in the form of streams of connected particles, intermittently through the outlet ends of a plurality of condluts, respectively, to cause discharge of the fluids from each thereof in separated bodies and blowing said bodies into separated condition by subjecting the bodies to gaseous fluid under pressure directed against said bodies substantially in the direction of movementof said bodies.

13. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating fluids to be projected intermittently along conduits, respectively, through AWhich the fluids discharge against the object to be coated, and causing said bodies to become separated into smaller bodies. n

14. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating fluids to be projected intermittently along conduits, respectively, through which the fluids discharge against the object to be coated, and subjecting the fluids When they are projected to certain points to gaseous fluid under pressure for blowing successive portions of the fluids into separated bodies.

l5. In the art of coating surfaces, the method Which consists in causing coating fluids to flow intermittently along conduits, respectively, through which the fluids discharge against the objects to be coated, and causing portions of the fluid to become separated into smaller bodies.

16. In the art of coating surfaces, the method Which consists in discharging against the object to Which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid, and varying the timing of the streams relative to each other to produce different effects.

17. In the art of coating surfaces, the method Which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid, and varying the timing and volume of the streams relative to each other to produce different effects.

18. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging through a plurality of conduits by force within said conduits and against the ob.

ject to which the coating is to be applied, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid directed against said object and maintaining a predetermined measured flofv of such bodies to said object.

19. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, to strike the object within substantially` the same area, a plurality of streams of separated bodies of coating fluid directed against said object and maintaining a predetermined measured flow of such bodies to said object. l

20. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in discharging against the object to which the coating is to be applied, to strike the object .Within substantially the same area, a plurality of :streams of separated bodies lof coatingl fluid of relatively large size compared with those roduced by an atomizing action.

21. n the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating flulds to be projected intermittently through the outlet ends of conduits to cause discharge of the Huid from each thereof in separated bodies of a lcross-sectional area substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the outlets, respectively, and delivering the coating Huid against the object to which it is to be a plied fto strike the object Within substantial y the same area and with sufficient force to cause it tol flatten against,

the obiect.

.22. ln the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing vuids to be projected intermittently through the outlet ends of a plurality of conduits, respec-V 15 tively, tocause discharge of the Huid from each thereof in separated bodies and causing said bodies to become separated into smaller bodies and strike the object to be coated Within substantially the same area.

23. In the art of coating surfaces, the method which consists in causing coating iuids to be projected intermittently along the conduits, respectively, through which the fluids discharge against the object to be coated, and causing said bodies to become separated into smaller bodies and strike the object to-be coated Within substantially the same area.

MAJOR E. GATES. 

